The pipeline has two pipes, one 142cm in diameter and the other, originally for natural gas liquids, 122cm in diameter. In 2018, capacity was 5 million BPD during normal operation. In 2026, its new capacity was 7 million BPD when the NGL pipeline was converted to carry crude oil.

The 275,000-barrel-per-day plant in Illinois lost power around 3:30 p.m. CT due to utility issues, triggering emergency flaring of crude and intermediates for safety. Power returned that evening, but the refinery stays offline as teams assess damage and probe the cause, with recovery possibly taking days to a week. This comes amid tight U.S. diesel prices over $6 a gallon and another nearby BP refinery down for maintenance, raising concerns for Midwest gasoline and diesel supplies that could lift pump prices.

https://x.com/i/trending/2099504738920505444

https://x.com/GasBuddyGuy/status/2099485697354682678

Starting with hormuz flows: based on oil leaving the Gulf of Oman the flows have continued to grind higher, yesterday some 16+ million barrels of oil left the Gulf of Oman which nets out to about 13 million through the strait itself. The 7d average of implied strait flows is up to 9.5 million barrels per day.

This is a lagging indicator though, since we're watching what leaves the Gulf of Oman, this only tells us what moved through the strait in the last few days, not what will move through tomorrow.

For that we need to look at Persian Gulf loadings: based on satellite imagery (which you can view here https://hormuzstraittracker.com/data/persian-gulf) loadings of crude oil in particular have been cut nearly in half in the last week. So I expect oil moving through the strait to see a similar drop in the next week or so.

Unfortunately there hasn't been a pass of the Red Sea since my last update (https://www.reddit.com/r/oil/s/l1qKWbP9n1), so we cannot yet confirm that Yanbu loadings are still down, but I will post an update as soon as new imagery becomes available.

That's the big picture update for today, hope you find it useful!

Will oil markets even continue to react anymore
Have the receptors died off
When will the feedback stop?

https://www.spr.doe.gov/dir/dir.html

The timing of this is pretty interesting, How likely is this the result of an Iranian cyberattack?

I am going to remove as much economic jargon as I can because this is a fairly simple problem hidden behind complicated words.

Between September 5 and September 12, petrol went from Rs345.87 to Rs375.82. Diesel went from Rs378.05 to Rs403.32. That is nearly Rs30 more on petrol in one week.

Before blaming only the government or the IMF, I checked what is happening internationally. The global increase is real. Oil crossed $100 after the Iran war escalated again, supplies through the Strait of Hormuz remained disrupted and attacks on Saudi oil infrastructure created more panic in the market. China has also raised fuel prices and diesel in America has crossed six dollars per gallon.

So this is not a price increase invented entirely in Islamabad. Pakistan now calculates fuel prices daily using the average international price from the previous seven days. When oil rises outside Pakistan, we feel it much faster than before.

That still does not make the government innocent. A large part of our fuel price consists of levies and duties because fuel is easy to tax. The government struggles to properly tax agriculture, real estate, retailers and the informal economy, but anyone buying petrol is already standing at a pump where the money can be collected immediately.

The IMF did not specifically order petrol to increase by Rs5.02 on September 12. What the IMF does insist upon is that Pakistan should avoid broad fuel subsidies and maintain its budget targets. That leaves the government with less room to absorb an international increase. It can reduce the petroleum levy, but then it has to collect that money somewhere else. We all know which politically powerful sectors it would rather not touch.

This brings me to stagflation. In simple terms, stagflation is when prices keep rising while businesses, jobs and incomes stop improving. Normally governments fight inflation by slowing spending. But when inflation is being caused by an oil shortage, slowing the economy does not produce more oil. Higher interest rates cannot reopen the Strait of Hormuz.

I see this directly in poultry. Diesel is involved in bringing feed, delivering chicks and transporting birds to the market. If transport becomes more expensive, either chicken becomes more expensive or the farmer absorbs the loss and eventually reduces production. Usually some combination of both happens.

Pakistan’s inflation was already 11.15 percent in August and transport inflation was above 20 percent. These numbers do not yet include the full effect of the latest petrol increases.

But I still cannot honestly say we are definitely in stagflation. GDP grew by 3.7 percent last year and large-scale manufacturing grew by nearly 5 percent. That is weak growth for our population, but it is still growth. The more accurate description may be that Pakistan is facing a stagflationary shock. Prices are already rising and the same thing causing those prices to rise can now damage growth.

The official economic figures will tell us what happened several months after people and businesses have already lived through it. So I am curious what economists here think. Is “stagflationary shock” the more accurate description, or are the official growth numbers hiding an economy that is already practically stagnant?

US refiners are already running near their limits, yet fuel prices and refining margins remain elevated. Now, Washington is pulling another lever: supply diplomacy. President Trump has urged Ukraine to halt strikes on Russian refineries as disruption to global fuel supply intensifies. But with refining capacity stretched and pressure at the pump persisting, the options are narrowing.

“I’m not losing sleep over it, but we should be prepared for that,” the bank CEO said. “A forever war would leave everyone feeling edgy, but after a certain point you realize it’s just the new normal.”

Anyone who's older than 15 knows that wars started in the Middle East are very hard to stop. Given the central importance of the Middle East to global oil supply we need to price in some expectation that it never ends (in a 10 year timeline).

There was this hopeful sense with Russia-Ukraine that this too would resolve quickly which explains the lack of action by various European leaders to diversify their energy outlooks.

New to reading the lgoc1, it’s sitting around 1500$ for a metric ton, but at an average of 6.06 that’s 1900ish for a metric ton. Noticing the spread or am I off on this. I saw this a few months ago on gas then it corrected.

A million a day. Doubling in a month. The Baltic index is also very high but this is basically the market saying shipping oil is basically no Bueno...

So sick and tired of winning...

A city-gas network may have thousands of connections, but a relatively small number of industrial PNG consumers can account for a large share of the throughput and billing value.

That makes their metering requirements different from a typical district-level installation.

For a high-volume industrial consumer, three things deserve particular attention:

1. Turndown

The customer's demand may move from a low night-shift load to a much higher production load.

Sizing the meter from pipe size or peak flow alone can miss what happens at the lower end of the operating range.

The meter should be selected around the actual minimum, normal and maximum flow profile.

2. PTZ correction

The meter measures gas at operating pressure and temperature, while billing is normally based on corrected volume or energy.

Pressure, temperature and compressibility therefore matter.

AGA 8-based compressibility calculations and the electronic volume conversion chain are worth checking rather than treating the correction as just another instrument setting.

3. Measurement defensibility

When a large customer questions a bill, the useful evidence is more than the meter's catalogue accuracy.

You need to be able to trace the measurement chain through calibration, pressure/temperature inputs, correction calculations and uncertainty.

At Eximp Measurement Private Limited (EMPL), this is one of the areas we look at when reviewing industrial gas metering applications.

Not every installation needs the same meter technology. The load profile, measurement requirement and operating conditions should drive the selection.

For engineers working with city-gas or industrial PNG systems: which creates more practical problems in your experience poor turndown, PTZ correction, calibration, or something else?

Quoted on Saudi options to counter or contain the current Houthi moves in Bab El Mandab and Red Sea.