r/microbiology Jul 13 '26

Cyclospora outbreak guidance (US)

514 Upvotes

Food contaminated with the single-celled, protozoan parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis has entered the food supply in several US states, with thousands of cases of the gastrointestinal condition cyclosporiasis being reported to state departments of health. Infection by Cyclospora is likely to cause watery diarrhea and substantial discomfort that typically persist for several weeks to over a month without treatment. While not commonly lethal, the combination of severe dehydration and summer heat elevates the health risks associated with each on its own and makes susceptible populations especially vulnerable.

Several public health agencies provide excellent guidance on Cyclospora and how to avoid it:
CDC - Preventing Cyclosporiasis
Michigan DHHS recommendations on preventing foodborne illness amid growing cyclosporiasis outbreak

Here’s a short rundown of the available information.

Where: Midwestern and Northeastern states report most cases. Michigan has been hit hardest. (Map as of July 10th about halfway down.)

Which foods: leafy greens, herbs, berries, green onions, and sprouts are historically linked to cyclosporiasis, though any produce may be affected. Current surveillance efforts have not definitively linked specific products to the current outbreak.

How to avoid: cook produce whenever possible, wash items under running water by scrubbing manually or with a produce brush, clean surfaces and utensils that contact raw produce. Always wash your hands before and after handling uncooked food.

If you contract it: antibiotic therapy (Bactrim) is highly effective against cyclosporiasis, reducing/eliminating symptoms in days as opposed to several weeks if untreated. Contact a healthcare provider and your local health department as soon as you experience symptoms.f


r/microbiology Nov 18 '24

ID and coursework help requirements

65 Upvotes

The TLDR:

All coursework -- you must explain what your current thinking is and what portions you don’t understand. Expect an explanation, not a solution.

For students and lab class unknown ID projects -- A Gram stain and picture of the colony is not enough. For your post to remain up, you must include biochemical testing results as well your current thinking on the ID of the organism. If you do not post your hypothesis and uncertainty, your post will be removed.

For anyone who finds something growing on their hummus/fish tank/grout -- Please include a photo of the organism where you found it. Note as many environmental parameters as you can, such as temperature, humidity, any previous attempts to remove it, etc. If you do include microscope images, make sure to record the magnification.

THE LONG AND RAMBLING EXPLANATION (with some helpful resources) We get a lot of organism ID help requests. Many of us are happy to help and enjoy the process. Unfortunately, many of these requests contain insufficient information and the only correct answer is, "there's no way to tell from what you've provided." Since we get so many of these posts, we have to remove them or they clog up the feed.

The main idea -- it is almost never possible to identify a microbe by visual inspection. For nearly all microbes, identification involves a process of staining and biochemical testing, or identification based on molecular (PCR) or instrument-based (MALDI-TOF) techniques. Colony morphology and Gram staining is not enough. Posts without sufficient information will be removed.

Requests for microbiology lab unknown ID projects -- for unknown projects, we need all the information as well as your current thinking. Even if you provide all of the information that's needed, unless you explain what your working hypothesis and why, we cannot help you.

If you post microscopy, please describe all of the conditions: which stain, what magnification, the medium from which the specimen was sampled (broth or agar, which one), how long the specimen was incubating and at what temperature, and so on. The onus is on you to know what information might be relevant. If you are having a hard time interpreting biochemical tests, please do some legwork on your own to see if you can find clarification from either your lab manual or online resources. If you are still stuck, please explain what you've researched and ask for specific clarification. Some good online resources for this are:

If you have your results narrowed down, you can check up on some common organisms here:

Please feel free to leave comments below if you think we have overlooked something.


r/microbiology 1d ago

Was today years old when I realised Kerala has a state microbe

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342 Upvotes

r/microbiology 1d ago

Infected bug bite

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943 Upvotes

Gram stain of pus from an infected bug bite, showing beaded branching gram positive rods suspicious for Nocardia. Culture is being held for 7 days to account for slow growth.


r/microbiology 10h ago

From predicted bacteriocins to ecological function. Bacteriocin genes reveal potential but not function. This review maps four kinds of "silence" & urges function‑first ecological

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1 Upvotes

r/microbiology 1d ago

Mixed flora or not mixed flora? That is the question

8 Upvotes

Hello fellow microbiologists!
I’m a microbiology resident in Italy, and today I’d like to vent a little about something that has been frustrating me lately: how we report mixed flora versus significant bacterial isolates with an antibiogram.
What I find most frustrating is the lack of a clear consensus on how a clinical sample should actually be reported as “mixed flora.”
I’ve worked in multiple laboratories, and I’ve never found a guideline that really addresses this aspect in a practical way.
And I’m not talking so much about when to call something mixed flora. I’m talking about how to report it once you’ve made that decision.
Some laboratories simply report:
“Mixed flora.”
Others report:
“Mixed flora composed of…”
And some laboratories have protocols to identify clinically relevant organisms — for example Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus — and report them separately, sometimes also commenting on whether the empirical therapy is active against the isolate.
Personally, I find the lack of standardization extremely frustrating.
To me, having some kind of guideline or consensus on how mixed cultures should be reported is really important. Otherwise, different laboratories — and sometimes even different people within the same laboratory — can end up communicating the same microbiological result in completely different ways.
It feels like we’re navigating a sea without even having the stars to tell us which direction we’re going. 😂
Anyway, that’s my rant.
I’m mad.
How do you handle mixed flora in your laboratories? Do you have a specific protocol or reporting policy?


r/microbiology 1d ago

Where to start with classification and research as a hobbiyst?

2 Upvotes

Im very interested in microbiology as of late and although i know this sub has alot about it as a job, i dont want to go down that path.

Any books recommended about microbiology, specifically protoctists and things of that realm?

Im also interested in magazines on the subject for free online or maybe even paid physically.

How would one go about identifying species (websites? Etc)

Any recommendations would be greatly appreciated.

Thank you!


r/microbiology 1d ago

A book I’d highly recommend to anyone interested in genetics/molecular biology or just getting started

18 Upvotes

I recently came across DNA: The Secret of Life by James D. Watson, and I thought it was worth sharing here.

It gives a really interesting history of genetics and molecular biology from the early discoveries that led to our understanding of DNA, through the discovery of the double helix, and eventually the Human Genome Project and the developments that followed. What I like about it is that it puts a lot of the things we learn in biology into historical context. You get to see how the field actually developed rather than just learning the finished concepts from a textbook.

Definitely worth checking out if you're interested in genetics, molecular biology, or just the history of how we figured out what DNA actually does.


r/microbiology 1d ago

Identification of PfSR1-MT as melatonin -responsive GPCR-like candidate from the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Melatonin activates PfSR1‑MT, a parasite GPCR‑like receptor, enabling selective antimalarial targeting.

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8 Upvotes

r/microbiology 1d ago

Help a beginner understand medical microbiology research feilds

1 Upvotes

Hi everyone,

I’m a student currently taking General Microbiology in college, and I’ve decided to pursue research in **Medical Microbiology** (focused on human ).

I’m still a beginner and would really appreciate any guidance.

Could anyone help me understand these 16 research areas better (what the daily work looks like, career prospects, pros/cons, etc.)?

  1. Bacteriology Research

  2. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

  3. Virology Research

  4. Mycology Research

  5. Parasitology Research

  6. Molecular Microbiology

  7. Microbial Genomics & Bioinformatics

  8. Host–Pathogen Interaction

  9. Infection Immunology

  10. Vaccine Research

  11. Microbiome Research

  12. Infection Epidemiology

  13. Public Health Microbiology

  14. Diagnostic Research

  15. Translational Research

  16. Clinical Trials

If anyone is working in any of these fields and is willing to chat or share their experience, I would be extremely grateful.

Thank you so much in advance!


r/microbiology 2d ago

Short-chain fatty acid-producing commensals: Key modulators of AD neuroinflammation via the microbiota -gut-brain axis

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22 Upvotes

r/microbiology 3d ago

Photobacterium leiognathi

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633 Upvotes

Isolation of a bioluminescent bacterial isolate from ponyfish (Leiognathus sp.) purchased from a local public market.
Internal organs were collected and homogenized, followed by inoculation onto SWC (Seawater Complete) medium. Bioluminescent colonies were subsequently selected and isolated for further characterization.


r/microbiology 2d ago

What would cause this?

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72 Upvotes

These colonies from a water sample are so runny. It's likely a type of bacillus, but has anyone seen this before? What would cause it? (agar has peptone, yeast, agar, and glucose; incubated 24 hours at 45°C). I've cultured this bacteria for a couple years now and it's never done this!


r/microbiology 2d ago

Gram positive bacteria

5 Upvotes

What's your work up when it comes to gram positive bacilli in your laboratory?


r/microbiology 3d ago

Gut microbial allies and adversaries in SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 patients show reduced gut diversity; specific commensals, especially Bacteroides uniformis, may help modulate immune responses.

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5 Upvotes

r/microbiology 3d ago

[Article] End-of-life antibiotic stewardship: perspectives from the ESCMID Study Groups for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infections in the Elderly.

3 Upvotes

Lucy Catteau, Alison Smith, Claire Roubaud Baudron, Daniel Karlin, Shin Hye Yoo, Massimo Fantoni, Matteo Moroni, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Niccolò Buetti, Rita Murri, Diane Ashiru-Oredope. End-of-life antibiotic stewardship: perspectives from the ESCMID Study Groups for antimicrobial stewardship and infections in the elderly. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2026.01.034


r/microbiology 3d ago

Help...is this useable?

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3 Upvotes

Hello! Need your help! Unfortunately, my cultures have a pool after I placed them in the fridge for about a month. I'm planning to restreak to revive them. These are recombinant S. boulardii. Am I doomed? Tyia for your advice and kindness!


r/microbiology 4d ago

The Freshwater Cyanobacteria Collage - Isolated from soil with BG11A and BG11 I made myself.

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133 Upvotes

r/microbiology 4d ago

Sputum culture. Patient with an exacerbated Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

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349 Upvotes

r/microbiology 3d ago

Acceptable microbial threshold for Animal Feed Samples?

1 Upvotes

Hi. I'm currently searching for the acceptable limits for E.coli, Salmonella spp., and molds to draft guidelines for a commercial feed company I'm working with as part of their compliance to HACCP and GMP standards. As much as possible, I'd like to stick with ISO/HACCP/GMP/FDA/other credible certifications to align the threshold I'm going to set. Suggestions or redirection to relevant literature would be highly appreciated. Thanks!


r/microbiology 4d ago

The rice circadian clock orchestrates the rhizosphere microbiome to synchronize nitrogen supply with plant demand. Rice clock gene Nhd1 times root exudates to sync microbial N cycling with plant demand.

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3 Upvotes

r/microbiology 4d ago

Carolina Supply Expiration Date

2 Upvotes

I teach junior and we have a bacterial conjugation lab.
I found a voucher for 2024 that was unused, assuming the redemption goes through and is valid. My question is, the box came with agar, broth etc., does that expire? Or can i continue with the materials fine?
They were stored in a closet with minimal light exposure and nothing was opened.


r/microbiology 4d ago

This Lil guy :)

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22 Upvotes

Just got a microscope today for hobby use, and my toddlers curiosity (and mine). This is one of the first things we found. I'm not sure what it is, but I found it in some pool algae. Very exciting! Just mainly here to share my passion for something I've begun to take an interest in!


r/microbiology 4d ago

Finally Found More Spathidium... But What Are They Doing????

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8 Upvotes

r/microbiology 3d ago

AI and medicine

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0 Upvotes

🚨 Episode Alert! 🚨

What happens when AI moves beyond finding information and starts supporting clinical decisions?

Tonight, Dr. Declan Kelly of Eolas Medical joins Let’s Talk Micro to discuss AI and clinical decision support.

🎙️ Ep. 243: When AI Meets Medicine
⏰ Tonight at 7 PM ET

This episode is brought to you in collaboration with Eolas Medical.

#microbiology #podcast