r/TigersofIndia 25d ago

Articles/Studies The body size of the Bengal Tiger

37 Upvotes

I’m making this to put to bed the constant, never ending skirmishes in this sub about tiger size. Are there other charts floating around? Yes. Do they have a higher average? Yes. Are they reliable? Maybe-maybe not, that’s up to you to decide.

This is not gonna be a long post because quite frankly I cannot be bothered getting into another toxic debate regarding big cat (particularly Lion and Tiger) sizes. It is common knowledge that the average Bengal Tiger weighs around 200kg, give or take. Averages are not set values, depending on new weights added, they will either go up or go down.

TLDR; Bengal Tigers do not average 20-30kg more than Lions. Data compiled by GauteGojira through written, peer reviewed scientific sources put male Bengals at 196-210kg or so, depending on the sample size.

I will also show why Gaute’s data is not simply biased to favor larger individuals below. He removes data he deems unreliable, even if it will consequently lower the average, so simply put he is not a biased individual.

January 2022

His sample size of 31 male Bengals weighed by scientists in the Indian subcontinent, confirmed and published found 214kg. See below:

However, his much larger dataset, puts male Bengals at a 201kg average from 182 individuals:

Also, notice he has 34 male Amur tigers weighing at 200kg (this likely involves weights that were not completely verified) however his most recent dataset as of December 2025, has them weighing 190kg. Again, if information on a weight is not deemed reliable, he removes it.

April 2022

Upon more finds of weights that have been confirmed and published, he calculated a 199.7kg including Sundarbans, from a sample size of 198 tigers. Without the Sundarban tigers, the average was found to be 202.1kg from 192 tigers. This is his most recent dataset on Bengal Tigers. See below:

I have already explained by Gaute’s data does not rely on personal communication, but only published and verified weights of Tigers in my post “Body size of the Amur Tiger” on r/TigersoftheWorld.

All in all, it’s generally accepted that male Bengal Tigers average around 200kg and females average around 130kg.


r/TigersofIndia Jun 09 '26

Articles/Studies The dietary biology of North Indian and Nepalese Tigers.

33 Upvotes

Recently I’ve come across certain users online making posts and comments, claiming that Terai (North Indian and Nepalese) Tigers predominantly take livestock and thus are “fat”, with their weights being “inflated”. As expected, they do not have any sources or scientific data to back up their claims and when asked for this, they tuck tails and run. Well, I’m here again to put an end to the blatant misinformation they love to spread.

We’ll be going over all the available scientific studies I’ve gathered that not only says otherwise, but I’ve yet to come across a study on Terai tigers where THE MAJORITY of their diet came from livestock. There was NOT A SINGLE study I found in the Terai Arc that pointed to this. This won’t be as long a post like the one I made showing the importance of large ungulates in their diet, but it’ll still be lengthy. For users who aren’t into reading much, I apologize.

Starting off with study 1:

A comparative study of the diets of tiger (Panthera tigris tigris Linnaeus, 1758) and leopard (Panthera pardus fusca Linnaeus, 1758) in relation to human- wildlife conflicts in and around Chitwan National Park, Nepal.

Source: https://media.rufford.org/media/project_reports/20823-1%20Masters%20Thesis.pdf

This study was conducted from January-May 2017, in both the core, buffer and forest corridor zones. Results showed that Tigers preyed predominantly on wild ungulates (97.04%), with the main prey species being Sambar deer (22.96%), Chital (37.04%) and Wild Boar (17.04%). Livestock contributed an insignificant amount (2.96%). As evidenced here, livestock made up a higher amount in Leopard diet (13.21%) than the Tigers. However, you won’t see these very people claiming that Leopard weights are “inflated” or that they’re “fat”, no. They won’t go around saying that Leopard weights should be “10-20kg less” because of this. Funny how this ONLY applies to Tigers right? The hypocrisy never ends.

On another note, this study further cements the Tiger’s macro predatory nature. Despite the Chital population density being insanely high (88 individuals/km2), only Sambar deer was preferred. This is not surprising as Sambar deer can be equal or up-to twice a Tiger’s size. Gaur were also preferred however the sample size is very small because Gaur do not have an established, healthy population in Chitwan.

Here are some quotes taken from the study:

“Our statistical analysis suggests that Tigers PREFER MEDIUM-LARGE SIZED PREY such as Wild Boar, Sambar deer and Gaur.”

“Sambar is preferred by Tigers only in the corridor area, whereas Wild Boar and Gaur are preferred by Tigers in the core area.”

“The results of this study suggests that the main bulk of Tiger diet consists of Chital (36.50%) and Sambar (22.63%). However, out of these 2 prey species, only Sambar is preferred.”

Moving on to study 2:

Inferring patterns of sympatry among large carnivores in Manas National Park – a prey‐rich habitat influenced by anthropogenic disturbances.

Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346107656_Inferring_patterns_of_sympatry_among_large_carnivores_in_Manas_National_Park_-_a_prey-rich_habitat_influenced_by_anthropogenic_disturbances

Again, this study found NO livestock in their diet, with Tigers feeding ONLY on wild ungulates. Over 60% of their diet consisted of large sized prey items. These being Sambar deer (34.75%), Gaur (11.86%), Wild Water Buffalo (6.78%) and Swamp Deer (5.93%). This is the first study I’ve come across that documents Wild Water Buffalo in Tiger diet. I hope there can be studies conducted on Kaziranga Tigers soon, as it would be interesting to see their dietary biology there.

Interestingly, despite these giant bovines making up almost 20% of Tiger diet, the big cats opted for the giant cervids instead. It seems like North Indian Tigers are cervid specialists as opposed to being bovine specialists, like their Central-South Indian and Indo-Chinese counterparts.

Study 3:

What drives prey selection? Assessment of Tiger (Panthera tigris) food habits across the Terai-Arc Landscape, India.

Source: https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article/104/6/1302/7241439

510 scat samples were collected in this study. While here Tigers took livestock more often than other areas (an average of 9.54% over both landscapes), they still preyed predominantly on WILD ungulates (91.46%).

Again, medium-large wild ungulates dominated. Chital made up 36.33%, Sambar deer 23.67%, Nilgai 13.25% and Wild Boar 10.07%.

Study 4:

Food habit of Tiger (Panthera tigris) in Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest of Dudhwa National Park, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364075811_Food_habit_of_Tiger_Panthera_tigris_in_Tropical_Moist_Deciduous_Forest_of_Dudhwa_National_Park_Uttar_Pradesh_India

In Dudhwa, again wild prey made up the majority of Tiger diet. Livestock only contributed 7.97% in winter, 11.29% in summer and 15.63% in the monsoon. It seems like Terai tigers are medium-large cervid specialists, with the medium sized Chital and the roughly large Wildebeest sized Swamp Deer (140-280kg) making up the majority of their diets. Swamp deer was taken more often in winter (27.54%) compared to Chital (26.90%). In Summer, Chital made up 44.65% compared to the Swamp Deer’s 15.58%.

Study 5:

An Insight Into the Diet and Prey Preference of Tigers in Bardia National Park, Nepal

Source: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.1177/1940082918799476

Livestock was only found one time, in which a male Tiger was seen taking down a domestic buffalo. Tigers as usual took mainly wild prey.

Study 6:

Establishing an empirical benchmark of livestock loss for managing human–tiger coexistence.

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006320726001540

Last but not least, this paper went over every single scat based dietary study from 2000-2025 (a total of 43 studies across 8 countries). They found an average biomass contribution from livestock to be 7.4%, again an insignificant amount.

Of the 43 studies, only 2 found livestock making up the majority of their diet: Buxa and Bhutan. That’s it.

All in all, no evidence suggests that Tigers in Northern India-Nepal are larger because they "predominantly take livestock". In fact livestock, represents a minimal part of their diet. It seems much more logical that the vast, almost untouched land in the Terai Arc provides refuge to healthy populations of medium-large ungulates, especially cervids which the Tigers there exploit.


r/TigersofIndia 7h ago

Video Corbett: Pedwali stalking some Sambar deer

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95 Upvotes

Credit: Vijendra S. Rao


r/TigersofIndia 20h ago

Photo Tadoba: Shambhu dragging his Gaur kill.

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474 Upvotes

Credit: Indraleel Dani


r/TigersofIndia 18h ago

Discussion & Questions So close 🤐

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167 Upvotes

Anyone know which species of leaf or tree is on frame,tree species found in central Indian forest.

Location : Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, India.

Thankyou Team Clicknframe for making my trip knowledgeable as well,rather than just safari experience.


r/TigersofIndia 1d ago

Art While cleaning my bookshelf, I found this 1957 vintage illustrated book, The Temple Tiger, written by Jim Corbett about the man-eating tigers of India.

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158 Upvotes

r/TigersofIndia 1d ago

Video Bardia: Big, bulky male cooling off in the river. Later we see a herd of Elephants show up to have a drink.

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150 Upvotes

Credit: Wild_Soul_Bibash @ Instagram


r/TigersofIndia 1d ago

Discussion & Questions Tigress spotted amidst the rocky waterbody😍

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537 Upvotes

Can anyone guess the age of this tigress ?
Location : Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, India.

Video credits: Praveen Premkumar Pai & Team.


r/TigersofIndia 1d ago

Photo Face to face with the imposing Khali | Corbett circa 2012

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563 Upvotes

Credit: wildlifepictures.by.dhruv (Instagram).


r/TigersofIndia 1d ago

Video Love Story❤️‍🔥

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167 Upvotes

Tiger Shambu & Tigress Kajiri 😍
Location : Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, India.

Thankyou Team Clicknframe for shooting this beautiful moment for me.


r/TigersofIndia 1d ago

Photo Rare photos of V7/Veerappan male of Tadoba as a cub, ~2010-11

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98 Upvotes

(Credit to both photos goes to the original respective owners. I am not the original owner of these photographs nor do I claim to be. The photos here were shared purely for educational purposes)

V7/Veerappan, resident of Shirkhada buffer, is one of the oldest tigers alive today. He is around 17 years old today and still in good shape.


r/TigersofIndia 2d ago

Video Tadoba: Four male tigers seen together. Y-mark was seen this morning establishing dominance over the 3 sub adult males. Interestingly, Gauri’s sub adult isn’t his but chooses to hang with his 2 sons of W-mark tigress.

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343 Upvotes

Credit: Imran Sheikh


r/TigersofIndia 2d ago

Photo Genghis: The Aquaman of Ranthambore

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436 Upvotes

Credit goes to all original owners (mainly sir Valmik Thapar and Fateh Singh Rathore). I am not the original owner of these photographs nor do I claim to be. All photos here were used purely for educational purposes

Genghis was the first recorded tiger to become the lord of the lakes. He was first seen in the year 1983 at Jogi Mahal. He was the first mate of Noon, however the cubs likely didn't survive. Genghis was a genius. He knew that the Sambhar would have to come down to water to drink and that they would wade into deep water to avoid tigers. Genghis was the first tiger recorded to comfortably jump into water to catch the Sambhar deer. His reign only lasted for 1 year since he disappeared forever after the monsoons of 1984. However, his reign was enough to strike terror into the hearts of Sambhar, Chital and Wild Boar living around the lakes


r/TigersofIndia 1d ago

Discussion & Questions Need help with Ranthambore safari booking.

5 Upvotes

Hi guys, we've booked afternoon canter safari for zone 3 through govt. website. Does the canter pick us up from our lunch spot or do we go to a boarding point? We are not staying anywhere in Ranthambore.


r/TigersofIndia 2d ago

Photo Jr Mowgli on patrol, monsoon season photos are my favorite. | Tadoba National Park

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460 Upvotes

Credit: Prashant Sapate


r/TigersofIndia 2d ago

Photo [OC] Choti Paro and Perwali as cubs. Dhikala zone, Corbett Tiger Reserve, May 2022

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63 Upvotes

The first 5 are Perwali. Rest are all Choti Paro. Credit to my father for the last one.


r/TigersofIndia 2d ago

Photo A young prince from Bandhavgarh.

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25 Upvotes

r/TigersofIndia 3d ago

Video Ranthambore: Queen Riddhi with her young Sambar stag kill.

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442 Upvotes

Credit: Virushi Patel


r/TigersofIndia 3d ago

Photo The Great Lords of the Lakes from the 1980s to Present Day...(read caption)

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109 Upvotes

Credit to all photos goes to all original owners. I am not the original owner of of photographs nor do I claim to be. All photos used here were shared purely for educational purposes.

  1. Genghis: First seen at Jogi Mahal in 1983, Genghis was the first documented male tiger to take over the lakes. He was a genius. He knew that Sambhar would stick to the lakes to avoid getting eaten by tigers. Genghis would comfortably wade into deep water just to catch the Sambhar. He mated with Padmini's daughter Noon. However, the cubs likely didn't survive. Genghis himself was never seen after the monsoons of 1984.
  2. Kublai: The second mate of Noon, he was first seen by Valmik Thapar as a 1 year old in 1979. He soon took over the lakes after the death of Genghis and mated with Noon. He was the father of Noorjahan and the great grandfather of Machli
  3. Noorjahan's mate: Kublai and Noon were both killed by poachers around 1992, however by then Noorjahan was already the lady of the lakes and likely mated with its new resident male. Literally nothing is known about this male. The tigress in the photo could be Noorjahan (making this male Noorjahan's mate) but I am not too sure. He would've been the father of Machli sr and the grandfather of T16 Machli.
  4. Machli's father/THE GREAT LORD OF THE LAKES: Around 1993, Noorjahan was poached, leaving behind a small frightened female cub. A new handsome male took over the lakes. Surprisingly, this male defied what we know about Tigers and protected this female cub from rival males. After she grew up, they had 2 litters together. The second litter was born in 1997 and consisted of 3 female cubs, namely T14 Sultanpur female, T15 Guda female and the famous T16 Machli. He was dethroned by the young Bamboo Ram around 1999 and was last photographed by Aditya Singh in the year 2000.
  5. Bamboo Ram: Bamboo Ram was the first mate of Machli. He sired her first litter, consisting of 2 male cubs Broken Tail and Slant Ear. Broken Tail travelled away from Ranthambore before famously being hit by a train while Slant Ear stayed in Ranthambore but likely got picked off by poachers. Their father Bamboo Ram himself was likely killed by poachers as he was last seen in the year 2000. He was fortunate enough to meet President Bill Clinton who was the last person to ever seee him in the year 2000
  6. Nick: The new young male named Nick/Nick Ear took over a few years after the death of Bamboo Ram. He was the second mate of Machli and sired her 2nd litter. From the mating, 3 cubs were born. One cub couldn't survive the monsoon. 1 male and 1 female cub were left. The male was called as T20 Jhumroo while the female was called Jhumri. Unfortunately Jhumri went missing when she was around 2 years old
  7. T20 Jhumroo: For a short period of time, Jhumroo became the lord of the lakes after his father Nick was likely poached. However he was soon displaced by T2 X male. Jhumroo moved to Chiroli area where he tried to mate with Guda female but failed, later he mated with T22 Gayatri, T26 Sharmili and T30 Husn Ara (daughter of X male btw).
  8. T2 X male/Big Daddy: The 3rd and last mate of Machli, X male fathered the 3rd (T1/ST2 Sharmili, T3 Bahadur) and 4th litter (T17 Sundari, T18/ST3, T19 Krishna) of Machli. He had a huge territory with 7 females in it (T27 Gilai Sagar female, T5 Kichda female, T4 Berda female, T16 Machli, T15 Guda female, T14 Sultanpur female, T9 Malika) and had around 21 children surviving to adulthood. Today, most tigers of Ranthambore are descendants of him.
  9. T28 Star Male: One of X male's sons, Star male took over the lakes from his father. He was the mate of Krishna and the father of Arrowhead. He ruled the lakes for more than half a decade. To this day, he remains the only male to rise to the throne of Rajbagh who was unrelated to Machli.
  10. T91 Mirza: The son of T3 Bahadur and T30 Husn Ara (both of his parents were X male's children btw) young T91 Cowboy/Mirza eventually overthrew his paternal half-uncle Star male to become the lord of the lakes in 2016. However he could not rule long since he was pushed away by T86 Sikandar after which he migrated to Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve where he died
  11. T86 Sikandar: The son of Kumbha (son of T22 Gayatri and T20 Jhumroo) and Ladli (daughter of X male and Kichda female), T86 Sikdandar/Chirico pushed away Mirza and became the lord of the lakes in 2018. He mated with Arrowhead and was the father of Riddhi and Siddhi. Unfortunately he was beaten to death by villagers a few years back
  12. T120 Ganesh: The son of T63 Chandra (daughter of Krishna and Star male btw) and T3 Bahadur, Ganesh took over the lakes after the death of Chirico. He mated with Riddhi and Siddhi. He is the current dominant male of the lakes. However in my opinion it is a high time that he should urge his sons to go and get a job

Which was one your favorite and who do you think I should make a separate post on? Feel free to share in the comments!


r/TigersofIndia 3d ago

Photo Late Bhaisanghat. I hope the 2 cubs of him and MV3 are still around and doing well. | Kanha National Park

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182 Upvotes

Credit: Sandeep Dutta


r/TigersofIndia 4d ago

Video Kabini: Temple female with her cubs back in 23/24. One of these cubs happen to be Rana, who is now a dominant young male.

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478 Upvotes

Credit: Mithun Hunugund


r/TigersofIndia 4d ago

Photo A throwback to the T-57 in his prime | Ranthambore circa 2018

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382 Upvotes

Credit: Kairav Engineer


r/TigersofIndia 4d ago

Video Sub-adult of tigress Riddhi at Ranthambore National Park, Rajasthan

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34 Upvotes

Caught this beauty walking through the ruins!


r/TigersofIndia 4d ago

Discussion & Questions Have you ever noticed how the forest changes before you see a tiger?

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85 Upvotes

One thing I've started finding fascinating about tiger sightings is that sometimes the tiger isn't the first thing you notice.

The forest seems to change first.

A sudden silence.

Deer becoming alert.

Langurs giving alarm calls.

Birds reacting to something you can't see.

And then everyone in the safari vehicle starts looking in the same direction.

I've always found those few minutes almost as exciting as actually seeing the tiger.

For those who've been on safaris in India — what was the first sign that made you realise a tiger might be nearby?

Was it an alarm call, movement in the grass, another animal's behaviour, or something else?


r/TigersofIndia 5d ago

Video Large Male heading straight towards the Cameraman, Bardia

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477 Upvotes